5.15 POTATOES - CHOOSING THE RIGHT DRIP SYSTEM

 

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LESSON 5.15 POTATOES - CHOOSING THE RIGHT DRIP SYSTEM  








 

Choosing the Right Drip System

Processed (crisping, french fries and canning) have different needs, and therefore different irrigation recommendations compared to potatoes grown for the fresh market.

Single Row Drip System 

When growing for the fresh produce market, quality and consistency is key. 

For this reason, it is recommended to have one drip line/tape per row of potatoes for all fresh market crops.  

A single row drip system is also recommended for processed market potatoes in many applications. 

Typical Installation:   

•      90 cm centres; 1 drip line/tape line per row

•      Thin wall drip line/tape (4 – 8 mil depending on environmental conditions)

•      30 cm dripper spacing with 1 lph flow per dripper depending on spacing. 

•      Goal is approximately 3 lph per meter. Slow application of water is beneficial as it helps keep the soil soft, especially on clay where skin damage during harvest is a risk.

•      Install drip lateral above the seed and bury with 2 – 5 cm of soil

•      It is best to install at the same time as planting to avoid damaging the new shootings from the seed.

Tips: 

  Common scab is a major challenge with fresh market potatoes. To minimize this, you need to keep the moisture level sufficient through tuber initiation and just after “hook” stage. After this stage, you can revert to more supplementary irrigation scheduling. 

  As the season progresses and more ridging is made, the depth of your drip line/tape can be up to 20 cm by the end of the season. When the drip line/tape is this deep, there is much greater distance for the water to reach the surface. Therefore, do not rely on seeing a wetting pattern. If you rely on seeing it, you run the risk of over irrigating. Instead, moisture can be measured quickly and economically with a basic tensiometer.

 

 


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KILIMO BORA Kimefaulu kwa KILIMO-UCHUMI

SOMO LA 5.15 VIAZI - KUCHAGUA MFUMO SAHIHI WA DIP
 
Kuchagua Mfumo wa Matone ya kulia
Viazi zilizosindikwa (kukaanga, kukaanga na kuangaziwa) zina mahitaji tofauti, na kwa hivyo mapendekezo tofauti ya umwagiliaji ikilinganishwa na viazi zinazokuzwa kwa soko safi.
Mfumo wa Matone ya Mstari Mmoja
Wakati wa kukua kwa ajili ya soko la mazao mapya, ubora na uthabiti ni muhimu.
Kwa sababu hii, inashauriwa kuwa na drip line/tepi moja kwa safu ya viazi kwa mazao yote ya sokoni.
Mfumo wa njia ya matone ya mstari mmoja pia unapendekezwa kwa viazi vilivyochakatwa katika matumizi mengi.
 
 
Ufungaji wa Kawaida:
• vituo vya 90 cm; Mstari 1 wa matone/mstari wa mkanda kwa kila safu
• Laini/tepe nyembamba ya kudondoshea ukuta (mil 4 – 8 kulingana na hali ya mazingira)
• Nafasi ya dripu ya sentimita 30 na mtiririko wa lph 1 kwa dripu kulingana na nafasi.
• Lengo ni takriban lph 3 kwa kila mita. Uwekaji wa maji polepole una faida kwani husaidia kuweka udongo laini, haswa kwenye udongo ambapo uharibifu wa ngozi wakati wa kuvuna ni hatari.
• Weka njia ya matone upande wa juu wa mbegu na uzike kwa udongo wa cm 2-5
• Ni bora kuweka wakati huo huo kama kupanda ili kuepuka kuharibu miche mpya kutoka kwa mbegu.
Vidokezo:
   Upele wa kawaida ni changamoto kubwa ya viazi vya sokoni. Ili kupunguza hili, unahitaji kuweka kiwango cha unyevu cha kutosha kwa kuanzisha tuber na baada ya hatua ya "ndoano". Baada ya hatua hii, unaweza kurudi kwenye ratiba ya ziada ya umwagiliaji.
   Kadiri msimu unavyoendelea na uwekaji wa visima zaidi unavyofanywa, kina cha laini/tepi yako ya matone kinaweza kuwa hadi sentimita 20 mwishoni mwa msimu. Wakati mstari wa matone/mkanda ni wa kina hivi, kuna umbali mkubwa zaidi kwa maji kufikia uso. Kwa hiyo, usitegemee kuona muundo wa mvua. Ikiwa unategemea kuiona, unakuwa na hatari ya kumwagilia kupita kiasi. Badala yake, unyevu unaweza kupimwa haraka na kiuchumi na tensiometer ya msingi.



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