SMART
FARMING SOLUTIONS Successful with consultant.
LESSON 5.13 POTATOES
– NOT TOO MUCH WATER
Too Much Water Leading to Saturation Periods
·
Saturation of the soil profile for more than 8 –12 hours can cause root
damage.
·
Over watering causes a higher rate of brown blight, hollow heart, tuber
splitting, and general reduction of
tuber quality.
·
Nitrogen can leach below the plant’s shallow root zone.
Too Little Water Leading to Water Stress
Water
deficits reduce the plant’s growth by reducing the water pressure in the
plant’s cells that are necessary for expansion which then correlates directly
to reduced / stunted tuber expansion.
Too Much Variation
· During water deficit, tuber expansion reduces or even stops. Once water is
returned and the plant is not in stress, tuber expansion will resume; however,
tuber malformation likelihood increases. The wider the variation, the greater
the problems of malformation.
Not All Irrigation is
Created Equal
It is well established that potatoes have a very high sensitivity to water.
However, just using any type
of irrigation throughout the field will not solve the problem, even if on
paper, it meets the crop water needs.
If the
irrigation itself is not uniform, you can create variability across the field
which causes the crop damage.
More
Info … Grow successful with
consultant.
For successful SMART FARMING see 70 lessons about SUBSURFACE DRIP
IRRIGATION.
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KILIMO BORA Kimefaulu kwa KILIMO-UCHUMI.
SOMO LA 5.13 VIAZI – SI MAJI MENGI SANA
Maji Mengi Sana Yanayoongoza kwa Vipindi vya Kueneza
• Kueneza kwa mfumo wa udongo kwa zaidi ya saa 8 – 12 kunaweza kusababisha
uharibifu wa mizizi.
• Umwagiliaji kupita kiasi husababisha kiwango cha juu cha ukungu wa
kahawia, moyo usio na mashimo, mgawanyiko wa mizizi, na kupungua kwa ubora wa
kiazi kwa ujumla.
• Nitrojeni inaweza kuvuja chini ya eneo la mizizi ya mmea.
Maji Machache Sana
Yanayopelekea Msongo wa Maji
Upungufu wa maji
hupunguza ukuaji wa mmea kwa kupunguza shinikizo la maji katika seli za mmea
ambazo ni muhimu kwa upanuzi ambazo zinahusiana moja kwa moja na upanuzi wa
mizizi iliyopunguzwa / iliyodumaa.
Tofauti Sana
• Wakati wa upungufu
wa maji, upanuzi wa mizizi hupunguza au hata kuacha. Mara tu maji
yanaporudishwa na mmea hauna mkazo, upanuzi wa mizizi utaanza tena; hata hivyo,
uwezekano wa kuharibika kwa mizizi huongezeka. Tofauti pana, matatizo makubwa
zaidi ya ulemavu.
Sio Umwagiliaji Wote
Umeundwa Sawa
Imethibitishwa kuwa
viazi vina unyeti mkubwa sana kwa maji.
Hata hivyo, kutumia
aina yoyote ya umwagiliaji katika shamba lote hakutatatua tatizo, hata kama
kwenye karatasi, kunakidhi mahitaji ya maji ya mazao.
Ikiwa umwagiliaji
yenyewe si sawa, unaweza kuunda tofauti katika shamba ambayo husababisha
uharibifu wa mazao.
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