2 START A FARM PART 3 – 2.23 - PLANTING OF THE VEGETABLE BED
ORGANIC FARMING COURSE AGRO-ECONOMY
Vegetable beds should be 160 cm wide to make optimal
use of the available land; you can then work 90 cm in depth by hand from both
sides, with a working path of 40 cm for wheelbarrowing.
This means that you only lose 20% of the land for
roads.
In between, however, you should create a 3 m wide path
to bring manure with a truck, preferably in the middle of the property, where
the farmhouse and stables should also be.
MACHINE PROCESSING
Depending on what type of machines you use for
processing, you can also create narrower beds in the size that results from the
spaces between the tires, MASSEY FURGERSON can mount the tires the other way
round and use a larger width. In the case of larger, heavy tractors, you should
avoid driving over the beds and crushing the worms and small organisms in the
ground. So you always drive over the beds and the tires result in the
processing paths.
The beds created in deep culture should, if possible,
never be stepped on or driven on, but rather sprinkled with manure and covered
with mulch every year so that a constantly renewed compost cover builds up. In
any case, a manure spreader on the tractor is recommended for larger farms,
which evenly distributes the manure, compost or mulch in a cost-effective
manner. (No Digg Gardening Method)
In order not to create wind lanes, straight lines
should not be created on the land, but curved beds and fields that complement
each other with rows of trees between which berry bushes grow. (Syntropic agroforestry
system)
LYCERNE UNDER TREES
Alfalfa (legumes) should be planted around this in
order to meaningfully cover and naturally improve the soil everywhere.
With this system of forage cultivation for sheep or
cows, you save a lot of work, you sow it once and then you can cut forage 4
times a year and it will grow for 4 to 6 years. Provided that there is uniform
underground irrigation. If you don't sow Lycerne, grass or other weeds will
grow under the fruit trees that you can only mow once for fodder, which is less
interesting and also requires cultivation.
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KOZI YA KILIMO HAI KILIMO-UCHUMI
2 ANZA SHAMBA SEHEMU YA 3 – 2.23 - UPANDAJI WA KITANDA
CHA MBOGA
Vitanda vya mboga vinapaswa kuwa na upana wa
sentimita 160 ili kutumia vyema ardhi iliyopo; basi unaweza kufanya kazi kwa
kina cha cm 90 kwa mkono kutoka pande zote mbili, na njia ya kufanya kazi ya cm
40 kwa gurudumu.
Hii ina maana kwamba unapoteza 20% tu ya ardhi kwa
ajili ya barabara.
Katikati, hata hivyo, unapaswa kuunda njia ya upana
wa m 3 ili kuleta mbolea na lori, ikiwezekana katikati ya mali, ambapo nyumba
ya shamba na mazizi yanapaswa pia kuwa.
USINDIKAJI MASHINE
Kulingana na aina gani ya mashine unayotumia kwa
usindikaji, unaweza pia kutengeneza vitanda nyembamba kwa saizi inayotokana na
nafasi kati ya matairi, MASSEY FURGERSON inaweza kuweka matairi kwa njia
nyingine na kutumia upana mkubwa. Katika kesi ya matrekta makubwa, nzito,
unapaswa kuepuka kuendesha juu ya vitanda na kuponda minyoo na viumbe vidogo
chini. Kwa hiyo daima unaendesha juu ya vitanda na matairi husababisha njia za
usindikaji.
Vitanda vilivyoundwa katika utamaduni wa kina
havipaswi, ikiwezekana, kamwe kukanyagwa au kuendeshwa, lakini badala yake
kunyunyiziwa na samadi na kufunikwa na matandazo kila mwaka ili kifuniko cha
mboji kilichofanywa upya kila mara kijengeke. Kwa hali yoyote, kisambaza mbolea
kwenye trekta kinapendekezwa kwa mashamba makubwa, ambayo husambaza sawasawa
mbolea, mboji au matandazo kwa njia ya gharama nafuu. (Hakuna Njia ya Kupanda
Bustani ya Digg)
Ili sio kuunda vichochoro vya upepo, mistari
iliyonyooka haipaswi kuunda kwenye ardhi, lakini vitanda vilivyopindika na
shamba ambazo hukamilishana na safu za miti kati ya ambayo misitu ya beri
hukua. (Mfumo wa kilimo mseto wa Syntropic)
LYCERNE CHINI YA MITI
Alfalfa (kunde) inapaswa kupandwa karibu na hii ili
kufunika na kuboresha udongo kila mahali.
Kwa mfumo huu wa kilimo cha malisho ya kondoo au
ng'ombe, unaokoa kazi nyingi, unapanda mara moja na unaweza kukata lishe mara 4
kwa mwaka na itakua kwa miaka 4 hadi 6. Isipokuwa kwamba kuna umwagiliaji sare
chini ya ardhi. Ikiwa hutapanda Lycerne, nyasi au magugu mengine yataota chini
ya miti ya matunda ambayo unaweza kukata mara moja tu kwa lishe ya mifugo,
ambayo haipendezi sana na inahitaji pia kilimo.
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