5.92 HEMP – BEST ROW SPACING AND SOIL TYPE
SMART FARMING
LESSON 5.92 HEMP – BEST ROW SPACING AND SOIL TYPE
Row Spacing
The laterals must be close
enough to each other and to the plant to be able to provide the adequate amount
of moisture and nutrients to the root zone where it is the most beneficial to
the plant. It is recommended for hemp plants being grown for cannabinoids to be
planted in 4’ to 6’ rows to allow easy access to the field. Hemp plants grown
for fiber can be planted more densely since they are smaller and more compact.
Avoid placing tape laterals too far apart to save money unless the drip system
is only being used for supplemental irrigation.
Topography
Rows with steep downhill
slopes may require the installation of pressure compensating drip lines to
maintain proper water flow from one end of the field to the other. Rows with
uphill slopes may need higher operating pressures or lower flowing emitters to
achieve 90% emission uniformity. Higher crop uniformity can lead to higher
yields.
Row Length
Row length depends heavily on
tape diameter. For hemp, we recommends a 5/8” (16 mm) diameter which allows for
row length of 300 – 650 ft. Depending on flow rate. For longer lengths of run
up to 1,200’, a 7/8” (22 mm) diameter is recommended.
Mulch
Combining drip tape/ line with
mulch can help control weeds and reduce labour.
Soil Type
Hemp thrives best on sandy
soils that are well-aerated. If you have clay soil, you will require lower
flowing emitters. Match the flow rate of your drip tape/line to the
infiltration rate of the soil. Do not exceed the infiltration rate and create
run-off from your fields.
Installation Depth
On hemp installations the
tape/dripline is nearly always placed on the surface of the soil or buried 2”
below SUBSURFACE
DRIP IRRIGATION the
soil. This will create the best moisture levels in the soil for better plant
development and is easier to extract at the end of the growing season. Care
should be taken to ensure that the soil does not contain heavy metals that can
be taken up by the hemp plants. These heavy metals end up in the foliage and
will lower the value of the crop due to toxicity. Test your soil and ensure
that you have a good clean, organic soil for your plant:
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For successful SMART FARMING see 70 lessons about SUBSURFACE DRIP
IRRIGATION.
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KILIMO BORA
SOMO LA 5.92 KASI – NAFASI BORA YA SAFU NA AINA YA UDONGO
Nafasi ya Safu
Kando lazima ziwe karibu vya kutosha kwa kila mmoja na kwa mmea ili kuwa na uwezo wa kutoa kiasi cha kutosha cha unyevu na virutubisho kwenye eneo la mizizi ambapo ni manufaa zaidi kwa mmea. Inapendekezwa kwa mimea ya katani inayokuzwa kwa bangi kupandwa katika safu 4’ hadi 6’ ili kuruhusu ufikiaji rahisi shambani. Mimea ya katani inayokuzwa kwa nyuzinyuzi inaweza kupandwa kwa wingi zaidi kwa kuwa ni midogo na iliyoshikana zaidi. Epuka kuweka kanda za mkanda mbali sana ili kuokoa pesa isipokuwa mfumo wa matone unatumika tu kwa umwagiliaji wa ziada.
Topografia
Safu zenye miteremko mikali zinaweza kuhitaji uwekaji wa njia za kudondosha zinazofidia shinikizo ili kudumisha mtiririko mzuri wa maji kutoka ncha moja ya shamba hadi nyingine. Safu mlalo zilizo na miteremko ya kupanda zinaweza kuhitaji shinikizo la juu zaidi la kufanya kazi au vitoa moshi zinazopita chini ili kufikia usawa wa utoaji wa 90%. Uwiano wa juu wa mazao unaweza kusababisha mavuno mengi.
Urefu wa safu
Urefu wa safu hutegemea sana kipenyo cha mkanda. Kwa katani, tunapendekeza kipenyo cha 5/8” (16 mm) ambacho kinaruhusu urefu wa safu 300 – 650 ft. Kulingana na kiwango cha mtiririko. Kwa urefu mrefu wa kukimbia hadi 1,200', kipenyo cha 7/8" (22 mm) kinapendekezwa.
Matandazo
Kuchanganya mkanda wa matone/ mstari na matandazo kunaweza kusaidia kudhibiti magugu na kupunguza leba.
Aina ya Udongo
Katani hustawi vyema kwenye udongo wa kichanga ambao una hewa ya kutosha. Ikiwa una udongo wa udongo, utahitaji emitters ya chini ya mtiririko. Linganisha kasi ya mtiririko wa tepi/laini yako ya kudondoshea na kasi ya kupenyeza kwa udongo. Usizidi kiwango cha upenyezaji na uunde kukimbia kutoka kwa sehemu zako.
Undani wa Ufungaji
Kwenye uwekaji wa katani, mkanda/line ya matone karibu kila mara huwekwa juu ya uso wa udongo au kuzikwa 2” chini ya SUBSURFACE DRIP IRRIGATION udongo. Hii itaunda viwango bora vya unyevu kwenye udongo kwa ukuaji bora wa mmea na ni rahisi kuchimba mwishoni mwa msimu wa ukuaji. Uangalifu unapaswa kuchukuliwa ili kuhakikisha kuwa udongo hauna metali nzito ambayo inaweza kuchukuliwa na mimea ya katani. Metali hizi nzito huishia kwenye majani na zitashusha thamani ya zao kutokana na sumu. Pima udongo wako na uhakikishe kuwa una udongo mzuri safi na wa kikaboni kwa mmea wako:
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