5.55 BLUEBERRIES – TURN THE CHALLENGE INTO AN OPPORTUNITY

 

SMART FARMING SOLUTIONS   Successful with consultants

LESSON 5.55 BLUEBERRIES – TURN THE CHALLENGE INTO AN OPPORTUNITY 

Blueberries: Turn a Challenge into an Opportunity with Drip Irrigation

Blueberries are a high value cash crop with particularly good revenue potential. However, they also come with steep production costs, and as a perennial shrub, are quite sensitive and demanding.

They are a challenge to grow with unique water and soil requirements, and susceptibility to disease. Investing in a drip irrigation system to provide the right amount of water and fertilizer at the right time is one of the best ways to significantly increase your blueberry crop yields and quality.

Unique Attributes of Blueberries

Blueberries have unique growing requirements that require equally unique production methods. Drip irrigation takes the challenge out of blueberry production.

Shallow Root System.

Blueberries have shallow root systems with most roots in the top 20 – 30 cm of the soil surface which requires low-flow frequent irrigation schedules for efficient application.

High Transpiration

Despite having a shallow root system, the blueberry shrub has a high evapotranspiration (ETP) of 7 – 10 mm per day. (means: need 1 cm water a day)

Blueberries require frequent applications of water, especially during summer.

 Soil Requirements (Low pH)

Most blueberry varieties require acidic growing conditions of 4.5 – 5.0 pH with high organic content and excellent drainage:

More Info … Grow successful with consultant.

For successful SMART FARMING see 80 lessons about AGRIBUSINESS and 
70 lessons about perfect irrigation SUBSURFACE DRIP IRRIGATION.
 
We supply this in Western Kenya. Please send us your request, when you will double your yield to 3, 4, 5 $ per m² per season, and we plan your farm activities. 
Save 50% water, energy and use MORGANICS SEAWEED FERTILIZER from us, see under ..
https://smart-farming-solutions.blogspot.com
 
Find the LEVEL 1: ORGANIC FARMING COURSE, in fb
750 lessons the BASICS of Organic Farming, find this under ...
https:// www.facebook.com/FAIREC-Atlas-Developement-SARL-654505228040366/

SULUHISHO LA KILIMO BORA Imefaulu na washauri
SOMO LA 5.56 BLUEBERRIES – KUKUA KWENYE UDONGO

Mwaka mmoja wa dhiki huathiri mavuno ya miaka ijayo
Kuwa kichaka cha kudumu, kila msimu huhesabu, na wakulima wa mazao ya blueberry wanahitaji kuwa tayari kwa mavuno ya baadaye, ambayo ina maana ya kupanga umwagiliaji kwa hali mbaya zaidi ya hali ya hewa. Mwaka mmoja tu wa shida ya maji itasababisha kupungua kwa malezi ya bud katika mwaka ujao na mavuno ya chini.
Udongo unyevu, sio unyevu
Blueberries huteseka kwa urahisi kutokana na kukata maji. Tofauti na mazao ambayo yanahitaji muda wa umwagiliaji wa muda mrefu, mizizi ya blueberries inapaswa kuwekwa unyevu, sio mvua. Kwa hiyo, umwagiliaji kwa muda wa dakika 15, mara 6 - 8 kwa siku ni kawaida.
Mbinu Mbili za Kukuza Blueberries Chaguo 1: Kukua kwenye Udongo
Ukuaji kwenye udongo ndio njia inayojulikana zaidi ya kupanda matunda ya blueberries na yanaweza kukuzwa kwenye shamba la wazi au kwenye vichuguu kwa ajili ya kulinda hali ya hewa/hali ya hewa.
Kwa sababu ya mchanganyiko wa vitanda vilivyoinuliwa, mikeka/matandazo ya magugu, na eneo fupi la mizizi, blueberries karibu hutegemea kabisa mfumo wa umwagiliaji maji na virutubisho na katika hali nyingi unahitaji kumwagilia kana kwamba ni mfumo usio na udongo/hydroponic. sio matumizi ya udongo.
Kanuni Muhimu ya Umwagiliaji wa Matone: Kua kana kwamba unatumia mfumo usio na udongo/hydroponic.
Ingawa blueberries ziko ndani ya udongo, katika hali nyingi unahitaji kutibu umwagiliaji kana kwamba ni mfumo usio na udongo/hydroponic (sio utumizi wa ndani ya udongo).
Blueberries huhitaji 200 - 300 mm / ha ya umwagiliaji kwa mwaka. Takriban maji haya yote lazima yatoke kwenye umwagiliaji kwa njia ya matone Kwa kuwa zao hili linahitaji uwekezaji mkubwa, tunafanya tuwezavyo ili kuhakikisha uzalishaji na uhai wa mimea.
“Umwagiliaji kwa njia ya matone unatoa mazingira sahihi ya ukuzaji wa mimea ili kupata mazao yenye mafanikio. Ndio maana UWAGILIAJI WA SUPSURFACE DRIP ulijumuishwa kwenye mradi tangu mwanzo.” (Mkulima wa Bluberry wa Mexico)
Mizizi mingi ya blueberry iko kwenye kitanda kilichoinuliwa na kuifanya tegemezi kwa umwagiliaji sahihi na Urutubishaji
Kwa vile mazao hayawezi kupata mvua kwa urahisi, yanategemea kabisa mfumo wa umwagiliaji kwa njia ya matone kwa ajili ya virutubisho na maji.
MAMBO MUHIMU YA KUZINGATIA KATIKA UFUGAJI WA UDONGO
Unda hali nzuri za kupanda blueberries kwenye udongo.
 
Vitanda vilivyoinuliwa
Blueberries ina mfumo wa mizizi ya kumeza na inakabiliwa na matatizo ya maji. Kupanda blueberries katika vitanda vilivyoinuliwa ni muhimu kwa mifereji ya maji na inaruhusu mizizi kukua juu ya ukanda wa mvua ili kuzuia maji kuingia. Vitanda vinapaswa kuinuliwa cm 12-20.
Substrate
Kwa vile udongo mwingi hauna hali bora ya kukua blueberries, mara nyingi hupendekezwa kuchimba mfereji na kuunda kitanda kilichoinuliwa kwa kutumia substrate ambayo ni nyepesi katika texture, kwa uwiano mzuri wa hewa na maji, na ina pH ya 4. ,0 - 5.0.
Muda wa Umwagiliaji
Muda wa umwagiliaji unapaswa kuwa mfupi (chini ya dakika 15). Kwa muundo mdogo wa mizizi na sehemu kubwa ya ukanda wa mizizi iko kwenye kitanda kilichoinuliwa, umwagiliaji wa muda mrefu huhatarisha ukataji wa maji na utasababisha maji na virutubisho kupita kutoka kwenye vitanda na kuingia kwenye udongo chini ambapo hauwezi kufikiwa na mizizi.
Punguza Mifereji ya Maji kutoka kwa Njia ya Matone
Ili kuzuia maji kutoka kwa mifereji ya maji wakati wa kuzima, anti-siphon (AS) au mstari wa matone ya no-drain (NG) inapaswa kutumika. Zaidi ya hayo, njia kuu na submain zinapaswa kubuniwa ili maudhui yao ya kushikilia yawe machache na kwamba mifereji ya maji kupitia njia za matone wakati wa kuzimwa ni ndogo na kwamba mifereji yao kupitia njia za matone wakati wa kuzima ni mdogo ili kuzuia kuingia kwa maji.