5.50 BANANA PLANTATION - MAXIMIZING YOUR RETURN

 

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LESSON 5.50 BANANA PLANTATION - MAXIMIZING YOUR RETURN

 

Bananas: Maximizing Your Return

Bananas are a high yield crop with 40 – 80 t / ha production per year.

The plant is herbaceous and the orchard is renewed every year.

Bananas are unique in that they provide a full yield in the first year of growth. However, they are highly susceptible to root disease and are extremely nutrient and water ‘hungry’. In addition, for each ratoon year of the crop, careful water and nutrient management is required to maximize the yield, reduce the need for replanting and ultimately, to maximize profit.

Success Story:

100 ha Banana Project in Ghana

·         100 ha banana plantation

·         <200 mm main lines and PEHD submains.

·         Automated primary filtration system and semi-automatic secondary filtration.

·         Using Hydro PCND 17 mm drip line

·         Unique award-winning drip line with pressure compensating and no drain drip line feature. The 17 mm diameter allows for longer run lengths than common 16 mm configurations without the cost of upgrading to 20 mm diameters.

·         But in shorter lines around > 100 m it’s good to use 16 mm T-Tape SUBSURFACE DRIP IRRIGATION and this 80 cm right and left of the trees in 30 cm depth.

Making the Case for Irrigation

Irrigation is critical to maximizing your crop’s growth potential, even in areas with high rainfall. Irrigation requirements in tropical areas are often different than those of sub-tropical areas.

Tropical areas

The purpose of irrigation is generally supplemental and enables efficient distribution of fertilizers through the irrigation system. Like many crops, bananas have a critical growth stage. Bananas are a continual production crop, meaning this critical growth stage will occur during the three months of dry season for a large number of plants. 

If the crop is not irrigated during this dry season, it will severely impact the yield and size of the bananas. Therefore, the purpose of irrigation in tropical areas is supplementary to ensure yield growth during the season.

Sub-tropical areas

In sub-tropic and even newer developments in arid / semi-arid areas, conventional irrigation is used.  The purpose of this irrigation is year-round irrigation to ensure the crop receives its full water requirement, and therefore maximizes yield potential.

Flood Irrigation & Drainage

Poor drainage can result in water-logging. This is also a common problem with flood irrigation and why it is not advised if you want high yielding crops. The impact of water-logging includes swallow root systems, small plants and bunches, pseudo stem breakage, reduced finger length and increased nematodes damage. 

A well-designed drip system with good drainage will help alleviate the risks of water-logging and the subsequent damage.

 

More Info … Grow successful with consultant.
For successful SMART FARMING see 80 lessons about AGRIBUSINESS and 
70 lessons about perfect irrigation SUBSURFACE DRIP IRRIGATION.
 
We supply this in Western Kenya. Please send us your request, when you will double your yield to 3, 4, 5 $ per m² per season, and we plan your farm activities. 
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SULUHISHO LA KILIMO BORA Imefaulu na washauri

SOMO LA 5.50 UPANDAJI WA NDIZI - KUONGEZA KURUDI KWAKO

Ndizi: Kuongeza Kurudi Kwako

Ndizi ni zao la mavuno mengi na hutoa 40 – 80 t/ha kwa mwaka.

Mmea huo ni wa mimea na bustani husasishwa kila mwaka.

Ndizi ni za kipekee kwa kuwa hutoa mavuno kamili katika mwaka wa kwanza wa ukuaji. Hata hivyo, wanashambuliwa sana na ugonjwa wa mizizi na wana virutubishi vingi na maji 'wana njaa'. Aidha, kwa kila mwaka wa mazao, usimamizi makini wa maji na virutubishi unahitajika ili kuongeza mavuno, kupunguza hitaji la kupanda upya na hatimaye, kuongeza faida.

Hadithi ya Mafanikio:

Mradi wa Ndizi wa hekta 100 nchini Ghana

• shamba la migomba la hekta 100

• <200 mm njia kuu na submain za PEHD.

• Mfumo wa kichujio wa msingi otomatiki na uchujaji wa sekondari wa nusu otomatiki.

• Kutumia njia ya dripu ya Hydro PCND 17 mm

• Mstari wa kipekee wa kudondoshea tuzo na kufidia shinikizo na hakuna kipengele cha njia ya matone. Kipenyo cha mm 17 kinaruhusu urefu wa kukimbia zaidi kuliko usanidi wa kawaida wa 16 mm bila gharama ya kuboresha hadi kipenyo cha 20 mm.

• Lakini katika mistari mifupi zaidi ya mita 100 ni vizuri kutumia 16 mm T-Tape UMWAGILIAJI WA SUBSURFACE DIP IRRIGATION na hii cm 80 kulia na kushoto ya miti katika kina cha 30 cm.

Kufanya Kesi ya Umwagiliaji

Umwagiliaji ni muhimu ili kuongeza uwezo wa ukuaji wa mazao yako, hata katika maeneo yenye mvua nyingi. Mahitaji ya umwagiliaji katika maeneo ya tropiki mara nyingi ni tofauti na yale ya maeneo ya chini ya tropiki.

Maeneo ya kitropiki

Madhumuni ya umwagiliaji kwa ujumla ni nyongeza na kuwezesha usambazaji mzuri wa mbolea kupitia mfumo wa umwagiliaji. Kama mazao mengi, ndizi zina hatua muhimu ya ukuaji. Ndizi ni zao la uzalishaji endelevu, kumaanisha hatua hii muhimu ya ukuaji itatokea wakati wa miezi mitatu ya kiangazi kwa idadi kubwa ya mimea.

Ikiwa zao halitamwagiliwa katika msimu huu wa kiangazi, itaathiri sana mavuno na ukubwa wa migomba. Kwa hiyo, madhumuni ya umwagiliaji katika maeneo ya tropiki ni ya ziada ili kuhakikisha ukuaji wa mavuno wakati wa msimu.

Maeneo ya chini ya kitropiki

Katika hali ya chini ya kitropiki na hata maendeleo mapya zaidi katika maeneo kame / nusu kame, umwagiliaji wa kawaida hutumiwa. Madhumuni ya umwagiliaji huu ni umwagiliaji wa mwaka mzima ili kuhakikisha mazao yanapata mahitaji yake kamili ya maji, na hivyo kuongeza uwezo wa mavuno.

Umwagiliaji wa Mafuriko na Mifereji ya maji

Mifereji ya maji duni inaweza kusababisha kutoweka kwa maji. Hili pia ni tatizo la kawaida la umwagiliaji wa mafuriko na kwa nini haushauriwi ikiwa unataka mazao yenye mavuno mengi. Athari za ukataji wa maji ni pamoja na mifumo ya mizizi ya kumeza, mimea midogo na mashada, kupasuka kwa shina bandia, kupungua kwa urefu wa vidole na kuongezeka kwa uharibifu wa nematode.

Mfumo wa matone uliopangwa vizuri na mifereji ya maji mzuri itasaidia kupunguza hatari za maji ya maji na uharibifu unaofuata.