5.25 TOMATOES - IRRIGATION SCHEDDUL

SMART FARMING Successful with consultant

LESSON 5.25 TOMATOES - IRRIGATION SCHEDDUL

Uniformity is the biggest thing. With the overhead system we had whole sections that were waterlogged, but with the Drip Irrigation we’ve overcome that problem”-  Dieter Fisher , Sweet potato farmer Australi

 

Irrigation Scheduling

Processed tomatoes are a crop that requires a deficit irrigation schedule in order to maximize brix and yield.  Generally, a reduction of 50% of water should be implemented as the tomatoes begin turning red to increase fruit growth and brix content.

Remember to not over irrigate and that using subsurface irrigation will require less water than surface irrigation.

The last irrigation cycle usually takes place when 40 – 60% of the fruit is red unless:   Growing on light soil and the water content is low.

General Recommendations

The following are our recommendations for using a drip irrigation system for your processed tomato crops.

Irrigate immediately upon planting

Tomatoes need immediate water availability. Test your system before planting to ensure that the system is functioning correctly with water at the end of every drip lateral.

·         High evapotranspiration climates

·         Soil or water salinity of EC>2.5 dS/m

 

·        Measure flow and pressure

·         As your crop grows, the plants will cover your drip lines. Track your flow and pressure readings for each block so that you can detect and treat problems. Increased flow indicates leakage, whereas increased pressure indicates blocking.

·        Prevent root intrusion

·         In subsurface applications, do not stress your plants so much that the roots seek out your drippers. Root intrusion can be prevented by managing crop stress and providing the area around the drippers with sufficient moisture content.

 Small frequent doses of fertilizer is better than occasional large applications.

·         High fertilizer applications will create large leaves and vines that can lead to fungal and bacterial problems.

·         Apply fertilizer before the plant needs it as catching up on the fertilizer requirements once in deficit is difficult. Fertigation is ideal for small frequent applications of fertilizer.

Time your water stress

 

·         It is better to stress your crop in the earlier stages of growth so that the crop develops a bigger and stronger root system. This will help your crop yield better when it is setting its fruit. If you stress your crop during fruit fill, it can be very detrimental.

Kc factor during processed tomato growth stages

Time from Transplanting

More Info … Grow successful with consultant.
For successful SMART FARMING see 70 lessons about SUBSURFACE DRIP IRRIGATION.
For successful SMART FARMING see 70 lessons about SUBSURFACE DRIP IRRIGATION.
 
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SOMO LA 5.25 NYANYA - RATIBA YA UMWAGILIAJI
 
Ratiba ya Umwagiliaji
Nyanya zilizosindikwa ni zao ambalo linahitaji ratiba ya upungufu wa umwagiliaji ili kuongeza brix na mavuno. Kwa ujumla, upunguzaji wa 50% wa maji unapaswa kutekelezwa wakati nyanya zinaanza kugeuka nyekundu ili kuongeza ukuaji wa matunda na kiwango cha brix.
Kumbuka kutomwagilia kupita kiasi na kwamba umwagiliaji utahitaji maji kidogo kuliko umwagiliaji wa ardhini.
Mzunguko wa mwisho wa umwagiliaji kawaida hufanyika wakati 40 - 60% ya matunda ni nyekundu isipokuwa: Kukua kwenye udongo mwepesi na kiwango cha maji ni kidogo.
Mapendekezo ya Jumla
Yafuatayo ni mapendekezo yetu ya kutumia mfumo wa umwagiliaji kwa njia ya matone kwa mazao yako ya nyanya yaliyosindikwa.
Mwagilia mara moja baada ya kupanda
Nyanya zinahitaji upatikanaji wa maji mara moja. Jaribu mfumo wako kabla ya kupanda ili kuhakikisha kuwa mfumo unafanya kazi kwa usahihi na maji mwishoni mwa kila upande wa matone.
• Hali ya hewa ya juu ya uvukizi
• Udongo au maji chumvi ya EC>2.5 dS/m
 
• Pima mtiririko na shinikizo
• Mazao yako yanapokua, mimea itafunika njia zako za matone. Fuatilia mtiririko wako na usomaji wa shinikizo kwa kila kizuizi ili uweze kugundua na kutibu matatizo. Kuongezeka kwa mtiririko kunaonyesha kuvuja, wakati shinikizo la kuongezeka linaonyesha kuzuia.
• Zuia kupenya kwa mizizi
• Katika matumizi ya chini ya uso, usisisitize mimea yako kiasi kwamba mizizi itafute matone yako. Uingiliaji wa mizizi unaweza kuzuiwa kwa kudhibiti mkazo wa mazao na kutoa eneo karibu na matone yenye unyevu wa kutosha.
 
• Dozi ndogo za mara kwa mara za mbolea ni bora kuliko matumizi makubwa ya mara kwa mara.
• Uwekaji wa mbolea nyingi utatengeneza majani makubwa na mizabibu ambayo inaweza kusababisha matatizo ya fangasi na bakteria.
• Weka mbolea kabla mmea haujaihitaji kwani kukidhi mahitaji ya mbolea pindi inapokosekana ni vigumu. Mbolea ni bora kwa matumizi madogo ya mara kwa mara ya mbolea.
Wakati shinikizo lako la maji
 
• Ni vyema kusisitiza mazao yako katika hatua za awali za ukuaji ili mazao yawe na mfumo wa mizizi mkubwa na wenye nguvu zaidi. Hii itasaidia mazao yako kutoa mavuno bora wakati wa kuweka matunda yake. Ikiwa unasisitiza mazao yako wakati wa kujaza matunda, inaweza kuwa mbaya sana.