5.24 TOMATOES - SUBSURFACE DRIP IRRIGATION FOR TOMATOES

 

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LESSON 5.24 TOMATOES - SUBSURFACE DRIP IRRIGATION FOR TOMATOES

 

SUBSURFACE DRIP IRRIGATION

·         Drip line/tape is installed 20 – 30 cm below the ground for multi-season use

·         The most efficient application of water and nutrients

·         Keeps the surface dry to help reduce humidity and disease

·         Can be rotated with alternate crops such as cotton

            Recommended drip lines:

·         Subsurface applications require 12 – 15 mil wall thickness drip line / tape. Heavier wall thicknesses can be used for harsher soil environments

·         20 – 30 cm dripper spacing

30 cm depth for heavier soils. Reduce to 20 cm depth for sandy soil.

Install directly under row of tomatoes prior to planting.

 

Measure flow and pressure

As your crop grows, the plants will cover your drip lines. Track your flow and pressure readings for each block so that you can detect and treat problems. Increased flow indicates leakage, whereas increased pressure indicates blocking.

Prevent root intrusion

In subsurface applications, do not stress your plants so much that the roots seek out your drippers. Root intrusion can be prevented by managing crop stress and providing the area around the drippers with sufficient moisture content.

Small frequent doses of fertilizer are better than occasional large applications

High fertilizer applications will create large leaves and vines that can lead to fungal and bacterial problems.

Apply fertilizer before the plant needs it as catching up on the fertilizer requirements once in deficit is difficult. Fertigation is ideal for small frequent applications of fertilizer.

Time your water stress

It is better to stress your crop in the earlier stages of growth so that the crop develops a bigger and stronger root system. This will help your crop yield better when it is setting its fruit. If you stress your crop during fruit fill, it can be very detrimental.

More Info … Grow successful with consultant.
For successful SMART FARMING see 70 lessons about SUBSURFACE DRIP IRRIGATION.
 
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SOMO LA 5.24 NYANYA - UMWAGILIAJI WA MAFUTA DOGO KWA NYANYA

 

UMWAGILIAJI WA MATONE YA JUU

• Laini ya matone/tepi imewekwa 20 - 30 cm chini ya ardhi kwa matumizi ya misimu mingi.

• Matumizi bora zaidi ya maji na virutubisho

• Huweka uso kavu ili kusaidia kupunguza unyevu na magonjwa

• Inaweza kuzungushwa na mazao mbadala kama pamba

   Mistari ya matone inayopendekezwa:

• Matumizi ya uso wa chini ya ardhi yanahitaji laini ya matone ya ukuta / unene wa mil 12 – 15. Unene wa ukuta mzito zaidi unaweza kutumika kwa mazingira magumu ya udongo

• 20 - 30 cm nafasi ya matone

30 cm kina kwa udongo nzito. Punguza kwa kina cha cm 20 kwa udongo wa mchanga.

Weka moja kwa moja chini ya safu ya nyanya kabla ya kupanda.

 

Pima mtiririko na shinikizo

Kadiri mazao yako yanavyokua, mimea itafunika njia zako za matone. Fuatilia mtiririko wako na usomaji wa shinikizo kwa kila kizuizi ili uweze kugundua na kutibu matatizo. Kuongezeka kwa mtiririko kunaonyesha kuvuja, wakati shinikizo la kuongezeka linaonyesha kuzuia.

Kuzuia kupenya kwa mizizi

Katika matumizi ya chini ya uso, usisisitize mimea yako sana hivi kwamba mizizi itafute matone yako. Uingiliaji wa mizizi unaweza kuzuiwa kwa kudhibiti mkazo wa mazao na kutoa eneo karibu na matone yenye unyevu wa kutosha.

Dozi ndogo za mara kwa mara za mbolea ni bora kuliko matumizi makubwa ya mara kwa mara

Matumizi ya mbolea ya juu yataunda majani makubwa na mizabibu ambayo inaweza kusababisha matatizo ya vimelea na bakteria.

Weka mbolea kabla mmea haujaihitaji kwani kukidhi mahitaji ya mbolea pindi inapokosekana ni vigumu. Fertigation ni bora kwa matumizi madogo ya mara kwa mara ya mbolea.

Wakati shinikizo lako la maji

Ni bora kusisitiza mazao yako katika hatua za awali za ukuaji ili mazao yawe na mfumo mkubwa wa mizizi na wenye nguvu zaidi. Hii itasaidia mazao yako kutoa mavuno bora wakati wa kuweka matunda yake. Ikiwa unasisitiza mazao yako wakati wa kujaza matunda, inaweza kuwa mbaya sana.